THE ANALYSIS OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN BORAT'S MOVIE

Intercultural communication is essential to help people learn a new culture and communicate their own culture to other groups/countries. Since many people have to misinterpret the new culture, intercultural communication is important to learn. The study aims to analyze the differences between Kazakhstan and American culture toward intercultural communication contained in Borat's movie. This study uses the library research method. The researcher collects the data from some books, articles, and journals. The findings of the research are; first, the researcher found that in the movie, there are surface and deep cultural differences between Kazakhstan and American culture. The surface culture found are people, buildings, dress, language, and behavior. Then, the deep cultures that are found are values and attitudes. Second, intercultural communication works when the main character and people in the USA share their culture. In the last findings, as the main character, Borat changes his mindset about Jews and shares Christian religion with Kazakhstan's people he adopts from the USA

CHILD COMPREHENSION OF ADULTS’ VERBAL INPUT: A CASE OF BILINGUAL ACQUISITION IN INFANCY

Research concerning comprehension in early simultaneous bilingualism is still very limited. Thus, this study focuses on describing a bilingual infant’s comprehension of adults’ verbal input addressed to the child in an Indonesian-German language environment, and the child’s understanding of translation equivalents (TEs). The child, who was exposed to Indonesian and German simultaneously from birth, was observed from age 0;9 to age 1;3 using a diary supplemented with weekly video recordings. A “one parent-one language” system was applied in which the child received Indonesian language from the mother and German language from the father from birth. Since the family live in Indonesia and have regular contact to the collective family members, the child received dominant exposure in Indonesian compared to German. The data was transcribed and analysed using ELAN. The results show that the adults’ verbal inputs in the form of speech addressed to the child were in the form of short utterances which very often had a high-pitched sound and were rich in repetition. The adults’ speech was able to be discriminated by the child. In the pre-production stage, the child could understand approximately 6 (six) proper nouns, 18 (eighteen) Indonesian words and 14 (fourteen) German words. The result reveals that the child could comprehend more words in Indonesian than in German. It was also found that the child could understand some bilingual synonyms, which implies that at the pre-production stage, the child already went through a process of bilingual development

The Analysis of Politeness Strategy Used by The Main Characters in “Gifted” Film

Politeness strategy is a strategy in the use of language related to the use of good and polite verbal communication, which can make communication work cooperatively. In terms of communicating, politeness strategies are very important to avoid conflicts in communication which means avoiding face-threatening acts (FTA) of the hearer. In researching politeness strategy, the film is a work of art that can be analyzed because it has characters and utterances that can be analyzed and are closely related to real life. Thus, a film entitled "Gifted" was chosen because this film is related to the education of gifted children, the parenting of gifted children, and is built on mental health issues in the world of learning. This study aims to analyze the politeness strategy of the main character in this film. This research used a qualitative descriptive approach and audio-visual data collection approach. The result of the analysis shows there are 60 politeness strategies data found from 512 utterances from the main characters. 37 data of positive politeness strategy categorized into three subtypes: Claim common ground (12 data), Convey that speaker and hearer are cooperators (24 data), and fulfill hearer’s want (1 data). 23 data of negative politeness strategy that categorized into: be direct (9 data), do not presume or assume (3 data), do not coerce hearer (3 data), and communicate speaker’s want to not impinge (23 data). &nbsp

INVESTIGATING JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ ERRORS IN USING ENGLISH PAST TENSE: A LOOK FROM TECHNOLOGICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS

This study aims at investigating junior high school students’ errors in using English past tense in their English compositions. The subjects of this study were 8th-grade students in a junior high school in North Bali. This study employed descriptive qualitative research which describes the error that was produced by EFL learners. There were four steps in collecting the data namely, asking the students to watch a video, telling them to write recount text through guided writing, collecting the learners' writing, identifying the students' errors in writing past tense, and classifying the errors. The data were analysed using Corder's framework to classify students' errors. The study revealed that there were nine types of errors produces by EFL learners. The errors are applying Indonesian syntactic pattern, using Indonesian acronym, omitting the plural marker -s, adding plural marker -s in a singular form, deleting BE, using incorrect word choice, adding articles, overgeneralising, and using incorrect word order. The errors show that the students tend to use their native language structure in composing the English past tense. Hence, the errors made by students and acknowledged by teachers should be addressed immediately by implementing appropriate strategies and materials to enhance learning. Furthermore, this study can be conducted for further research with different subjects as well as references for applied linguistics courses

COMIC STRIPS FOR LANGUAGE TEACHING: THE BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES ACCORDING TO RECENT RESEARCH

Recent studies have argued for the use of comic strips in language teaching, while concerns with the challenges in its application are also frequently highlighted. Using George’s (2008) model of literature review, the present study will elaborate on the use of comic strips as a medium of learning, its benefits, and the challenges in its implementation. The data sources are research articles related to the implementation of comic strips for language teaching, published in reputable international journals and accredited national journals from 2011 to 2020. The review reveals that previous studies have proven that comic strips in language teaching can promote students’ vocabulary, improve students' grammar competence, support the students' reading skills, and help the students who lack writing skills. However, these studies also show concerns on challenges in implementing comic strips in language teaching, such as its relevance, the choices of the topics, and how it cannot support spoken skills as much as it would support the written skills. It implies that while comic strips can be good media for teaching language, teachers should also find strategies in overcoming the challenges that may occur during its implementation.

INTERLANGUAGE PRODUCED BY JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RECOUNT TEXT (Interlanguage (Bahasa Antara) yang Dihasilkan oleh Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama dalam Teks Rekon)

Karangan yang ditulis oleh siswa sekolah menengah pertama mengandung kalimat-kalimat salah yang  menggambarkan bahasa mereka.  Bahasa yang dihasilkan oleh siswa-siswa ini biasa dirujuk sebagai interlanguage (bahasa antara). Apakah bahasa pertama atau bahasa sasaran memengaruhi kesalahan-kesalahan tersebut?  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan interlanguage  yang digunakan oleh siswa-siswa yang mempelajari Bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing dalam teks rekon.  Subjek penelitian ini terdiri atas 20 orang siswa sekolah menengah pertama di Buleleng.   Data dikumpulkan melalui latihan menulis terbimbing dalam bentuk teks rekon.  Empat langkah ditempuh dalam menganalisis data, yaitu mengidentifikasi, mengklasifikasikan, mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan bentuk linguistik dalam tulisan siswa. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pengaruh bahasa ibu terhadap bahasa antara siswa antara lain adalah penggunaan tata bahasa Indonesia, penggunaan kata-kata Indonesia, penghilangan  pemarkah jamak -s, penghilangan TO BE dan aspek kala dari verba.  Pengaruh bahasa sasaran antara lain adalah  padanan yang salah,  penambahan kata sandang, kesalahan dalam memilih pronomina  dan overgeneralisasi bentuk lampau -ed. English text written by junior high school students consists of erroneous sentences which describe learners' language. Either the native language or target language influences the errors. This term is called interlanguage. The study aimed at describing the interlanguage produced by EFL students in recount text. The subjects of the study were 20 students of junior high school in Buleleng Regency.  The data was collected through a guided writing exercise in the form of recount text. There were four steps in analyzing the data, namely identifying errors, classification, description, and explanation. The result shows that native language influence includes Indonesian grammar patterns, Indonesian words, wrong selection of word form, the omission of plural marker -s,  TO BE deletion, and verb tense.  Target language influence includes false friend, the addition of articles, wrong choice of pronoun, and overgeneralization of past form -ed

TRANSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ RECOUNT TEXTS

This study aimed at identifying the process types that characterize the students’ recount texts, identifying the process types which are dominantly used, and identifying the circumstantial elements that characterize the students’ recount texts. This study applied a descriptive qualitative method with a case study research. The recount texts written by class XI Usaha Perjalanan Wisata (UPW) 2 at SMK Wira Harapan were used as the sources of data collection of the study. There were 26 students taken as the subjects of the study. The data of the study which are in the form of sentences and clauses were analyzed based on transitivity system, and the problems experienced by the students in writing the recount texts were discussed through focus group interview in order to determine whether the students made mistakes or errors in their texts. The study discovers that, first, the process types that characterize the students’ recount texts are material process, intensive attributive process, mental process, circumstantial attributive process, verbal process, possessive attributive process, intensive identifying process, existential process, circumstantial identifying process, and behavioral process, which respectively appears 566 times (60.66%), 149 times (15.97%), 100 times (10.72%), 35 times (3.75%), 29 times (3.11%), 21 times (2.25%), 17 times (1.82%), 9 times (0.96%), 4 times (0.43%), and 3 times (0.32%). Second, the process type which is dominantly used in the students’ recount texts is material process with the frequency of occurrence of 565 times (60.82%). The material process was used dominantly since the topics written by the students were related to past activities. Third, the circumstantial elements characterizing the students’ recount texts are location, cause, manner, extent, accompaniment, matter, and role. The results of the focus group interview and the text analysis show that the students made many mistakes and errors in their recount texts, such as the uses of past tense, article, spellings, modal auxiliary, capital letter, plurality, and preposition in a clause. The two aspects leading the deviations are interlingual and intralingual errors. 

THE ERROR ANALYSIS OF INTERLINGUAL AND INTRALINGUAL INTERFERENCES OF THE STUDENTS: A CASE STUDY OF TOURISM STUDY PROGRAM

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the students' interlingual and intralingual interferences of Tourism Study Program at a State University in North Bali. A qualitative approach was applied by examining the students' final projects of English writing for the academic year 2020/2021.  In this case study, 15 final projects were chosen using the purposive sampling technique. Data collection was done through reading, note-taking, classifying, and describing. The findings revealed that the most frequent interlingual form produced by the students was using Indonesian Syntax Pattern, while the intralingual form was the simplifications. Therefore, interlingual and intralingual interferences were found in the students' final project. There are two implications of this study, i.e. (i) teachers need to enhance their pedagogy for the teaching and learning sessions, particularly English grammar, (ii) students should learn more the English grammatical rules, which they can access many sources to learn English through watching a movie, listening to songs, talking with native speakers, reading novels and magazines.Abstrak:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interlingual dan intralingual mahasiswa Program Studi Pariwisata di salah satu Universitas Negeri di Bali Utara. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan menguji tugas akhir siswa dalam penulisan bahasa Inggris pada tahun ajaran 2020/2021. Dalam studi kasus ini, dipilih 15 tugas akhir dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui membaca, mencatat, mengklasifikasi, dan mendeskripsikan. Hasil temuan mengungkapkan bentuk interlingual yang paling sering dihasilkan oleh siswa adalah menggunakan Pola Sintaks Bahasa Indonesia sedangkan bentuk intralingualnya adalah penyederhanaan. Dengan dimikian, terdapat error interlingual dan intralingual dalam tugas akhir mahasiswa. Ada dua implikasi dari penelitian ini, yaitu (i) pengajar perlu meningkatkan pedagogi mereka untuk proses belajar mengajar khususnya tata bahasa Inggris, (ii) pembelajar harus mempelajari lebih lanjut aturan tata bahasa Inggris. Mereka dapat mengakses banyak sumber untuk belajar bahasa Inggris seperti menonton film, mendengarkan lagu, berbicara dengan penutur asli, membaca novel maupun majalah

Developing ICT-Based Supplementary Reading Materials for the Seventh-Grade Students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Maarif Karangasem

This study aims at developing ICT-based supplementary reading materials for the seventh-grade students at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Maarif Karangasem. Specifically, this study identified the students' needs, described the design of the ICT-based supplementary reading materials, and identified the content validity and the quality of the ICT-based supplementary reading materials. This study followed the ADDIE approach, which consists of five steps, analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate. This study involved 40 seventh-grade students, two content experts, and one media expert. The study data were collected using questionnaires, interviews, observation, and expert judgment sheets. The researchers analyzed the data through qualitative and quantitative analysis. This study found that the students need reading materials with colorful designs, exciting pictures, videos, and online quizzes that can be accessed online. The developed ICT-based supplementary reading materials were proven to have high content validity. Besides, this study also identified that the ICT-based supplementary reading materials have good quality

THE REPRESENTATIONS OF CHARACTER EDUCATION VALUES IN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK WHEN ENGLISH RINGS A BELL

ABSTRACTThe present study analyzed the representations of the Five Core Values of character education recommended by the Indonesian Ministry of National Education in 2017 into a national English Textbook for 7th Grade, entitled When English Rings a Bell. The present study was qualitative research, which conducted the data classification, data display, and conclusion drawing concurrently and repeatedly, while the whole process is always compared with the data collection. The study revealed that the book investigated represents all five core values: religiosity, nationalism, independence, cooperation, and integrity. Religiosity and nationalism were the two values most cultivated in the textbook, while integrity is represented more infrequently, and cooperation value is sparsely presented. These findings imply that the imbalanced representation of the five core values in the textbook investigated could negatively affect the students’ character building. Thus, the present study recommends teachers use this textbook to design activities that call for cooperation and integrity values, so the students’ character building at school can be more balanced. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mencermati representasi Lima Nilai Utama Pendidikan Karakter yang direkomendasikan Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan pada 2017 ke dalam buku teks Bahasa Inggris untuk Kelas VII berjudul When English Rings a Bell. Kajian ini dirancang sebagai penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, dimana  kategorisasi data, pemaparan data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dilakukan bersamaan dan berulang, serta selalu dibandingkan dengan proses dan hasil pengumpulan data. Ditemukan bahwa buku teks yang dikaji mengandung representasi kelima nilai utama pendidikan karakter yang direkomendasikan kementrian: religius, nasionalis, mandiri, gotong royong, dan integritas. Nilai religius dan nasionalis adalah dua nilai yang paling sering dihadirkan, sementara intgritas dihadirkan cukup sering dan nilai gotong royong merupakan nilai yang paling jarang.  Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa ada ketidakseimbangan dalam representasi kelima nilai utama pendidikan karakter dalam buku teks yang dikaji, yang dapat berimplikasi negative pada pengembangan karakter anak. Untuk itu, penelitian ini menyarankan agar guru mengimbangkan ketimpangan pada buku teks ini dengan merancang kegiatan-kegiatan yang mengembangkan nilai gotong royong dan integritas sehingga usaha penguatan karakter siswa dapat berlangsung dengan lebih baik dalam pembelajaran di sekolah.